The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck.
It makes hormones that control the way your body uses energy.
Hyperthyroidism or overactive thyroid means your thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormones.
Symptoms include
Diagnosis
A blood test, called thyroid function test, measuring your hormone levels is the only accurate way to find out
whether there's a problem.
Treatment:
Antithyroid medicine and radioactive iodine are the ones doctors use most often.
In a small number of cases, surgery may be done to remove all or some of the thyroid gland.
Thyroid UK: The clinical names for an overactive thyroid gland are:
hyperthyroidism (excess of thyroid) and thyrotoxicosis (poisoning by the thyroid)....
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Patient.Info: Hyperthyroidism means a raised level of thyroid hormone.
There are various causes. Graves' disease is the most common cause.......
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NHS UK: Overactive thyroid (also known as hyperthyroidism) is a relatively common
hormonal condition that occurs when there is too much thyroid hormone in the body.......
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Mayo Clinic: Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) is a condition in which your thyroid gland
produces too much of the hormone thyroxine. Hyperthyroidism can accelerate
your body's metabolism significantly.....
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The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck. It makes hormones that control the way your body uses energy. Hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid means your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones.
]]>The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck. It makes hormones that control the way your body uses energy. Hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid means your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones.
In the UK, it affects 15 in every 1,000 women and 1 in 1,000 men.
Symptoms of hypothyroidism usually appear slowly over months or years. Symptoms include:
A blood test, called thyroid function test, measuring your hormone levels is the only accurate way to find out whether there's a problem.
It can often be successfully treated by taking daily hormone tablets, called levothyroxine, to replace the hormones your thyroid isn't making. All people who are stable on levothyroxine require at least annual blood test.
NHS UK: An underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism) is where your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough hormones. Common signs of an underactive thyroid are tiredness, weight gain and feeling depressed. Click here to read more
Patient.info: If you have an underactive thyroid gland, the condition is called hypothyroidism. In hypothyroidism, there is a reduced level of thyroid hormone (thyroxine) in the body. This can cause various symptoms, the most common being: tiredness, weight gain, constipation, aches, dry skin, lifeless hair and feeling cold. Click here to read more ....
Mayo Clinic: Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) is a condition in which your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough of certain important hormones. Women, especially those older than age 60, are more likely to have hypothyroidism. Click here to read more ....
Thyroid UK: This is when the thyroid produces less thyroid hormone than it should which causes the metabolism to run too slow. This is called hypothyroidism, myxoedema or an underactive thyroid. It may also be called Hashimoto's disease. Click here to read more...
Helicobacter pylori (commonly just called H. pylori) is a germ (bacterium).
Gnawing or burning abdominal pain, indigestion, weight loss, loss of appetite, feeling bloated, frequent belching, feeling sick or vomiting. Taking antacid drugs may relieve the pain.
H pylori infection is often detected using
If you have the infection that is not causing you any problems and you are not at increased risk of stomach cancer, it is believed that eradication therapy may not offer any benefits. The treatment involves taking a drug that reduces stomach acidity, PPI, as well as a combination of two different antibiotics .
Mayo Clinic: H. pylori infection occurs when a type of bacteria called Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects your stomach. This usually happens during childhood. A common cause of peptic ulcers, H. pylori infection may be present in more than half the people in the world....., Click here to read more
Health.info: Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the cause of most stomach and duodenal ulcers. H. pylori also causes some cases of non-ulcer dyspepsia. Infection with H. pylori can be confirmed by a test done on a sample of stools (faeces), by a breath test, by a blood test, or from a biopsy sample taken during a gastroscopy........ Click here to read more.
Core: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are bacteria, a type of germ, which lives in the sticky mucus that lines the stomach. About 40% of people in the UK have H. pylori in their stomach so it is very common and in approximately nine out of ten people who have H. pylori, it does not cause any problems......., Click here to read more
]]>Coeliac disease is an immune disorder in which genetically pre-disposed individuals cannot tolerate gluten because it damages the inner lining of their small intestine and prevents it from absorbing nutrients. This is where the immune system – the body's defence against infection – mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley and occasionally in some products such as vitamin and nutrient supplements, lip balms, and certain medications. Gluten is found in any food that contains the above cereals, including:
Coeliac disease is a common condition that affects approximately 1 in every 100 people in the UK. However, some experts think this may be an underestimate because milder cases may go undiagnosed or be misdiagnosed as other digestive conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
In 2009, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) issued guidance on the recognition and assessment of coeliac disease. The guidance recommended testing for adults or children with the following signs or symptoms:
Testing is also recommended if you have a close relative (parent, sibling or child) with coeliac disease or if you have the following conditions:
In some circumstances, testing may also be recommended if you have any of the following conditions:
There is no cure for coeliac disease but most people with coeliac disease have as significant improvement in symptoms when they follow a gluten free diet.
Coeliac UK: Coeliac disease is a lifelong autoimmune disease caused by intolerance to gluten. 1 in 100 people have the condition. Symptoms include bloating, diarrhoea, nausea, wind, constipation, tiredness, sudden or unexpected weight loss (but not in all cases), hair loss and anaemia. Click here to read
NHS UK: Coeliac disease is a common digestive condition where a person has an adverse reaction to gluten. Eating foods containing gluten can trigger a range of symptoms, Click hereto read more
Mayo Clinic: Celiac disease is an immune reaction to eating gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley and rye. Click hereto read more....
]]>The main natural source of vitamin D is through the action of sunlight on the skin, but in the UK from mid-October to the start of April, sunlight doesn’t have the correct wavelength to create vitamin D in the skin. Many people are not aware that the sources of vitamin D available from food are limited. This means that people who are at risk of low vitamin D status may need dietary supplements.
Across the whole population of England, it’s estimated that 1 in 5 adults, and around 1 in 6 children, may already have low vitamin D, which is around 10 million people. Vitamin D is essential for strong bones, because it helps the body use calcium from the diet. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with rickets, a disease in which the bone tissue doesn't properly mineralize, leading to soft bones and skeletal deformities. Vitamin D may also protect against osteoporosis, high blood pressure, cancer, and other diseases.
People who have darker skin because their bodies are not able to make as much vitamin D. For example, people of African, African–Caribbean and South Asian origin.
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck. It makes hormones that control the way your body uses energy. Hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid means your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones.
In the UK, it affects 15 in every 1,000 women and 1 in 1,000 men.
Symptoms of bone pain, muscle weakness, tiredness and general aches and pains can mean you have a vitamin D deficiency. Some people may not have any symptoms at all. If you are high risk group or think you may have vitamin D deficiency, you should see your physician, or have a blood test to check your levels.
Low vitamin D status is defined by the Department of Health as a plasma concentration of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (the main circulating form of the vitamin) of below 25 nmol/litre (equal to 10 ng/ml). The recommended daily intake of vitamin D for at risk groups is 10 micrograms/day.
Based on NICE press release in Nov 2013
Patient.info: Vitamin D is important for good health, growth and strong bones. A lack of vitamin D is very common. Vitamin D is mostly made in the skin by exposure to sunlight. Most foods contain very little vitamin D naturally, though some are fortified (enriched) with added vitamin D. Click here to read more
Healthline: Most people with a vitamin D deficiency won’t be aware of it. It doesn’t usually produce noticeable symptoms. However, symptoms are possible. If you are vitamin D deficient, you may experience: muscle/joint pain and weakness, bone pain, tiredness or fatigue, depression. Examine your risk factors and then check with your doctor. A simple blood test can help you figure out your next steps..... Click here to read more
Vitamin D council: For a number of reasons, many people aren’t getting enough vitamin D to stay healthy. This is called vitamin D deficiency. You may not get enough vitamin D if......., click here to read more.....
Jen reviews: Hypovitaminosis D is the decline of vitamin D in the system due to old age. Elderly with a lack of vitamin D in their systems are at a higher risk of developing dementia or having a stroke. As of now, five studies have reported a link between hypovitaminosis D and dementia.
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